Their action is based on the work of the useful microorganisms that mineralize organic matter from liquid waste by recycling them into inorganic. These bacteria originally present in the wastewater, but can be loaded into the system and cleaning purpose. Under natural conditions, the process of assimilation of organic matter by microorganisms in the soil and flows into reservoirs. In soil, it is basically without oxygen (anaerobic process). Due to the acid, and subsequently methane fermentation proteins, fats and carbohydrates are decomposed to simple inorganic compounds. In water aerobic mineralization, it takes place in the presence of oxygen. In this case, the bacteria form a community of activated sludge, which absorbs and oxidizes organic matter from wastewater. Purification system, based on the capacity of the soil and natural waters to oxidize organic matter to inorganic compounds, is absorbed by plants, are called natural.
These include a field of filtration and bio-ponds. In the first case of domestic liquid wastes are distributed in areas of permeable soil and cleaned by filtering through the soil. Bioponds arranged for the final purification of sewage but only in the warm season. The lower the temperature of water in a reservoir, the slower are processes of biological oxidation. Artificial treatment systems use the same processes that occur in natural conditions, but many times intensified. At the expense of creating the best conditions for the realization aerobic or anaerobic treatment processes there is a lot faster. In fact, any local wastewater treatment plant (LOS) is a revised and modified version of the bio-ponds or fields of filtration, enclosed in a compact and easy-to-use shell.
